1. Overview On December 12, 2024, the European Union (EU) reached a new agreement at the summit to strengthen its climate change response. Member states reaffirmed the goal of reducing carbon emissions by 55% by 2030. The agreement outlines measures to achieve the Paris Agreement targets and address the ongoing climate crisis. 2. Key Measures 2-1. Expansion of Renewable Energy The EU aims to transition 60% of its total energy consumption to renewable sources. Solar, wind, and hydrogen energy development and adoption will be accelerated. 2-2. Enhanced Emissions Trading System (ETS) The ETS will now cover aviation and maritime sectors, with a cap on carbon credit prices. This move targets stricter regulations on high-carbon industries. 2-3. Promotion of Circular Economy Strategies to reduce waste and promote resource recycling were approved. Mandatory recycling of electric vehicle batteries and reduced plastic use are key initiatives. 3. International Reactions 3-1. Positive Feedba...